Scientific Journals – 2023
Alipraja, I., Hernández, R. E., Koubaa, A. (2023). Effects of Wood Species on the Energy Requirements and Size Distribution of Strands Produced by a Strander-Canter. BioResources, 18(3), 5873-5886. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.5873-5886.
Alipraja, I., Hernández, R. E., Koubaa, A. (2023). The Role Played by the Rake Angle of a Strander-Canter When Processing Jack Pine Logs. Forests, 14(11), 2182. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14112182.
Barrette, J., Achim, A., Auty, D. (2023). Impact of Intensive Forest Management Practices on Wood Quality from Conifers: Literature Review and Reflection on Future Challenges. Current Forestry Reports, 9, 101–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00181-6.
Beaufils-Marquet, M., Blanchet, P., Hussain, A., Landry, V. (2023). Investigation of Cellulose Filaments as Filler in Rigid Insulating Polyurethane Foam. BioResources, 18(3), 6086-6117. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.6086-6117.
Ben Mahmoud, B., Lehoux, N., Blanchet, P. (2023). Integration mechanisms for material suppliers in the construction supply chain: a systematic literature review. Construction Management and Economics. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2023.2239381.
Bissonnette, J.-F., Laroche, G., Olivier, A., Gélinas, N., Saydeh, M., Cagliastro, A. (2023). Quelles trajectoires agroforestières ? Perspectives dégagées lors du cinquième Congrès mondial d’agroforesterie : « En transition vers un monde viable ». Bois et Forêts des Tropiques, 356, 5-12. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2023.356.a37034.
Blanchet, P., Perez, C., Cabral, M. R. (2023). Wood Building Construction: Trends and Opportunities in Structural and Envelope Systems. Current Forestry Report. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00196-z.
Boakye, E. A., Bergeron, Y., Drobyshev, I., Beekharry, A., Voyer, D., Achim, A., Huang, J.-G., Grondin, P., Bédard, S., Havreljuk, F., Gennaretti, F., Girardin, M. P. (2023). Recent decline in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) growth extends to the northern parts of its distribution range in eastern Canada. Forest Ecology and Management, 545, 121304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121304.
Boivin, G., Ritcey, A.-M., Landry, V. (2023). Silver Nanoparticles as Antifungal Agents in Acrylic Latexes: Influence of the Initiator Type on Nanoparticle Incorporation and Aureobasidium pullulans Resistance. Polymers, 15(6), 1586. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061586.
Boulanger, Y., Pascual Puigdevall, J., Bélisle, A. C., Bergeron, Y., Brice, M.-H., Cyr, D., De Grandpré, L., Fortin, D., Gauthier, S., Grondin, P., Labadie, G., Leblond, M., Marchand, M., Splawinski, T. B., St-Laurent, M.-H., Thiffault, E., Tremblay, J. A., Yamasaki, S. H. (2023). A regional integrated assessment of the impacts of climate change and of the potential adaptation avenues for Quebec’s forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2022-0282.
Bourscheid, C. B., Hernández,R. E., Cáceres C. B., Blais, C. (2023). Cutting speed and feed-per-knife effects on surface quality of cants produced by a chipper-canter. Wood Material Science & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2023.2263991.
Brial, V., Tran, H., Sorelli, L., Conciatori, D., Ouellet-Plamondon, C. M. (2023). Effect of fluorite addition on the reactivity of a calcined treated spent pot lining in cementitious materials. CEMENT, 12, 100070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cement.2023.100070.
Cabral, M. R., Blanchet, P. (2023). Analytical Hierarchical Process as a Multicriteria Decision Tool in Material Selection for Prefabricated Wood Buildings. Buildings 13(12), 2973, https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13122973.
Cabral, M. R., Nakanishi, E. Y, Santos, F. S, Fiorelli, J. (2023). Enhancement of oriented cement‑bonded boards’ properties through CO2 curing. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30455-2.
Canuel, C.-M., Thiffault, E., Locoh, A., Thiffault, N. (2023). La bioénergie forestière pour lutter contre les changements climatiques : quelles implications dans la transition énergétique du Québec (Canada)? The Forestry Chronicle, 99 (1), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc2023-004.
Chagnon, C., Moreau, G., D’Orangeville, L., Caspersen, J., Labrecque-Foy, J.-P., Achim, A. (2023). Strong latitudinal gradient in temperature-growth coupling near the treeline of the Canadian subarctic forest. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1181653.
Chen, X., Conciatori, D., Sanchez, T., Sorelli, L., Selma, B., Mohamed, C. (2023). Numerical modeling of multi-ionic transport with/without electrical field applied in sound and microcracked ordinary and ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 23, 232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-023-00765-w.
Chen, Z., Sorelli, L., Benard, P. (2023). Creep microindentation of low-density oil well cement and the implication on radial cracking risk of cement sheath. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 220(A), 111155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2022.111155.
Cid, A., Blanchet, P., Robichaud, F., Kinuani, N. (2023). A Sectorial Validation and Application of a Conceptual Framework for Creating a Brand Management Strategy. Businesses, 3, 424-440. https://doi.org/10.3390/businesses3030026.
Daassi, R., Durand, K., Rodrigue, D., Stevanovic, T. (2023). Optimization of the Electrospray Process to Produce Lignin Nanoparticles for PLA-Based Food Packaging. Polymers, 15, 2973. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132973.
Dadras Chomachayi, M., Blanchet, P., Hussain, A., Pepin, S. (2023). Development of a novel sandwich-structured composite from biopolymers and cellulose microfibers for building envelope applications. Scientific Reports 13, Article number: 21955 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49273-0.
Dadras Chomachayi, M., Blanchet, P., Hussain, A., Pepin, S. (2023). Vapor Barrier Membranes Based on Polylactic acid and Cellulose Microfibers for the Building Envelope Application. J Polym Environ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-023-02946-3.
Dagher, R., Stevanovic, T., Landry, V. (2023). Wood color modification with iron salts aqueous solutions: effect on wood grain contrast and surface roughness. Holzforschung. https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2022-0189.
Davoudi, S., Multigner, M., Calvez, I., Hermann, A., Landry, V. (2023). Influence of Magnetic Particles and Magnetic Field on Gloss in UV Coating. Coatings, 13(9), 1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13091625.
Duchesne, I., Lamichhane, D. D., Dias, R. P., de la Mata, P., Williams, M., Lamothe, M., Harynuk, J., J., Isabel, N., Cloutier, A. (2023). Comparing GC×GC-TOFMS-based metabolomic profiling and wood anatomy for forensic identification of five meliaceae (mahogany) species. Wood and Fiber Science, 55(1), 53-82. https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2023-07.
Dumont, S., Bédard, S., Achim, A. (2023). Growth response and survival of American beech, yellow birch, and sugar maple regeneration to partial harvest. Forest Ecology and Management, 549, 121476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121476.
Elloumi, I., Hernández, R. E., Cáceres, C. B., Blais, C. (2023). Effects of log temperature, moisture content, and cutting width on energy requirements for processing logs by a chipper–canter. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 18(2), 394-401. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2022.2037705.
Elloumi, I., Hernández, R. E., Cáceres, C. B., Blais, C. (2023). Effects of log temperature, cutting width, and knots on the surface quality of the cants produced by a chipper-canter. Wood Material Science & Engineering. DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2023.2294338.
Flores, D., Dagenais, C., Blanchet, P. (2023). Characterizing the Performance of Adhesive Used in Glued-In Rod Timber Connections at Elevated Temperatures. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 37(4). https://doi.org/10.1061/JPCFEV.CFENG-4416.
Fortin, C.P., Stevanovic, T. (2023). Study of High Molecular Weight Hemicelluloses Recovered from Black Spruce Mill Waste for Potential Value-Added Applications in Foods. Waste Biomass Valor. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-023-02149-w.
Garcia, R. A., Rosero-Alvarado, J., Hernández, R. E. (2023). Moisture-induced strains in earlywood and latewood of mature and juvenile woods in jack pine from 3D-DIC measurements. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 18(2), 570-579. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2022.2056714.
García-Pérez, M.-E., Kasangana, P.-B., Stevanovic, T. (2023). Bioactive Molecules from Myrianthus arboreus, Acer rubrum, and Picea mariana Forest Resources. Molecules, 28, 2045. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052045.
Gaudelas, A., Blanchet, P., Gosselin, L., Cabral, M. R. (2023). Physical Characterization of Biobased Corrugated Panels, an Innovative Material. BioResources, 18(3), 5838-5858. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.3.5838-5858.
Giasson, L. A., Thiffault, E., Lebel, L., Carle, J. F. (2023). Carbon balance of forest management and wood production in the boreal forest of Quebec (Canada). Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Sec. Forests and the Atmosphere, Volume 6, https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1242218.
Harel, A., Sylvain, J.-D., Drolet, G., Thiffault, E., Thiffault, N., Tremblay, S. (2023). Fine scale assessment of seasonal, intra-seasonal and spatial dynamics of soil CO2 effluxes over a balsam fir-dominated perhumid boreal landscape. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 335, 109469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109469.
Hermann, A., Giljean, S., Pac, M.-J., Marsiquet, C., Burr, D., Landry, V. (2023). Physico-mechanical characterisation of basecoats for tailored UV-cured multilayered wood coating systems. Progress in Organic Coatings, 182, 107673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.107673.
Hosseini, Z., Laratte, B., Blanchet, P. (2023). Implementing circular economy in the construction sector: Evaluating CE strategies by developing a framework. BioResources, 18(3), 4699-4722. https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22467.
Jiloul, A., Blanchet, P., Boudaud, C. (2023). Mechanical characterization of corrugated wood-based panels and potential structural applications in a building. Construction and Building Materials, 391, 131896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131896.
Kasangana, P. B., Haddad, P. S., Stevanovic, T. (2023). Partial Structural Characterization of Complex Polysaccharide Isolated from Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum Marsh) Bark and its Anti-Inflammatory Activity. 5(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.33211/jnhpr.26.
Kharrat, W., Hernández, R. E., Cáceres, C. B. (2023). Effect of tip path overlap on ring debarker performance of frozen and unfrozen black spruce logs. Wood Material Science & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2023.2237492.
Kouchaki-Penchah, H., Bahn, O., Vaillancourt, K., Moreau, L., Thiffault, E., Levasseur, A. (2023). Impact of Biogenic Carbon Neutrality Assumption for Achieving a Net-Zero Emission Target: Insights from a Techno-Economic Analysis. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(29), 10491-10900. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00644.
Kouchaki-Penchah, H., Bahn, O., Vaillancourt, K., Moreau, L., Thiffault, E., Levasseur, A. (2023). Impact of Biogenic Carbon Neutrality Assumption for Achieving a Net-Zero Emission Target: Insights from a Techno-Economic Analysis. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(29), 10491-10900. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00644.
Lachance, E., Lehoux, N., Blanchet, P. (2023). A Simulation Model to Analyze Different Automation Scenarios in a Mixed-Assembly Manufacturing Line: Timber-Frame Prefabrication Industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 149(10). https://doi.org/10.1061/JCEMD4.COENG-13298.
Landry, V., Boivin, G., Schorr, D., Mottoul, M., Mary, A., Abid, L., Carrère, M., Laratte, B. (2023). Recent Developments and Trends in Sustainable and Functional Wood Coatings. Current Forestry Reports. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-023-00195-0.
Lecours, S., Nguyen, T.-T., Sorelli, L., Blanchet, P., Durand, K. (2023). Optimizing composite floors for sustainability and efficiency: Cross laminated timber, concrete types, and ductile notch connectors with enhanced shape. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 14, 100635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2023.100635.
Li, R., He, C., Xu, W., Wang, X. A. (2023) Modeling and optimizing the specific cutting energy of medium density fiberboard during the helical up-milling process. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 18(2), 464-471. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2022.2049867.
Lopes Junior, W. E., Cabral, M. R., Christoforo, A. L., de Campos, C. I., Fiorelli, J. (2023). Investigating the Effects of Al2O3 Microparticles on Wood Waste OSBs: A Study on Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Performance. Polymers, 15(12), 2652. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122652.
Ménard, I., Thiffault, E., Kurz, W. A., Boucher, J. F., Carbon sequestration and emission mitigation potential of afforestation and reforestation of unproductive territories. New Forests 54, 1013–1035 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-022-09955-5.
Moreau, G., Cecil-Cockwell, M. J. Isabelle Ménard, Evelyne Thiffault, Werner A. Kurz & Jean-François Boucher L., Achim, A., Bédard, S., Guillemette, F., Caspersen, J. (2023). Quantifying the Probability of Decline in Quality: Implications for Selection Management in Northern Hardwood Forests. Forests, 14(2), 280. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14020280.
Moreau, G., Cecil-Cockwell, M. J. L., Pothier, D., Achim, A., Bédard, S., Guillemette, F., Caspersen, J. (2023). Visual assessment of tree vigour in Canadian northern hardwood forests: The need for a simplified system. Forest Ecology and Management, 529, 120720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120720.
Moreau, G., Chagnon, C., Cecil-Cockwell, M. J. L., Pothier, D., Achim, A., Bédard, S., Guillemette, F., Caspersen, J. (2023). Simplified tree marking guidelines enhance value recovery as well as stand vigour in northern hardwood forests under selection management. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, cpad045. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpad045.
Moreau, L., Thiffault, E., Beauregard, R. (2023). Assessing the Effects of Different Harvesting Practices on the Forestry Sector’s Climate Benefits Potential: A Stand Level Theoretical Study in an Eastern Canadian Boreal Forest. Forests, 14, 1109. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14061109.
Moreau, L., Thiffault, E., Kurz, W. A., Beauregard, R. (2023). Under what circumstances can the forest sector contribute to 2050 climate change mitigation targets? A study from forest ecosystems to landfill methane emissions for the province of Quebec, Canada. GCB Bioenergy. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13081.
Morin-Bernard, A., Coops, N. C., White, J. C., Achim, A. (2023). Predicting net growth rates in boreal forests using Landsat time series and permanent sample plot data. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, cpad055. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpad055.
Morin-Bernard, A., Achim, A., Coops, N. C. (2023). Attributing a Causal Agent and Assessing the Severity of Non-Stand Replacing Disturbances in a Northern Hardwood Forest using Landsat-Derived Vegetation Indices. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 49 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.2023.2196356.
Morley, I. D., Coops, N. C., Roussel, J.-R., Achim, A., Dech, J., Meecham, D., McCartney, G., Reid, D. E. B., McPherson, S., Quist, L., McDonell, C. (2023). Updating forest road networks using single photon LiDAR in northern Forest environments. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, cpad021. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpad021.
Mottoul, M., Giljean, S., Pac, M.-J., Landry, V., Morin, J.-F. (2023). Self-Healing Polyacrylate Coatings with Dynamic H-bonds between Urea Groups. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, e53853. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.53853.
Mulverhill, C., Coops, N. C., Achim, A. (2023). Continuous monitoring and sub-annual change detection in high-latitude forests using Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 197, 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2023.02.002.
Nguyen, T.-T., Sorelli, L., Blanchet, P. (2023). Composite slab floors made of cross laminated timber and ultra high-performance concrete: Early-age deflection, stripping time, and its implication on the structural performances. Engineering Structures, 295, 116810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116810.
Parot, M., Rodrigue, D., Stevanovic, T. (2023). Electrospinning of Softwood Organosolv Lignin without Polymer Addition. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 11 (2), 607-616. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05233.
Paskoff, C., Boton, C., Blanchet, P. (2023). BIM-Based Checking Method for the Mass Timber Industry. Buildings. 13(6), 1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061474.
Pichette, G., Blanchet, P., Essoua Essoua, G. G., Breton, C. (2023). Environmental product declaration (EPD) usage in early building design stages : Review of effects on the environmental life cycle of a multi-residential building. BioResources, 18(4), 8134-8150. https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22664
Piggot-Navarrete, J., Blanchet, P., Cabral, M. R., Perez, C. (2023). Investigating the impact of construction workmanship defects on the hygrothermal performance and airtightness of lightweight-structure wooden envelope systems. Building and Environment, 243, 110705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110705.
Pique, L., Blanchet, P., Breton, C. (2023). Global warming potential comparison between green and conventional roofs in cold climate using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 420, 138314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138314.
Rodríguez, G. E., Ávila, C. B., Cloutier, Cloutier, A. (2023). Use of Phase Change Materials in Wood and Wood-Based Composites for Thermal Energy Storage: A Review. BioResources 18(4), 8781-8805. https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22880.
Rodríguez, G. E., Ávila, C. B., Romero, R., Cloutier, A. (2023). Impregnation of Medium-Density Fiberboard with Phase Change Materials for Efficient Thermal Energy Storage. Forests, 14(11), 2175. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14112175.
Roussel, J.-R., Bourdon, J.-F., Morley, I. D., Coops, N. C., Achim, A. (2023). Vectorial and topologically valid segmentation of forestry road networks from ALS data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 118, 103267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103267.
Shuku Onemba, N., Thiffault, É., Berthold, É. (2023). Analyse des facteurs de gestion de la biomasse solide par l’approche des indicateurs de durabilité en République Démocratique du Congo. Études caribéennes, 54. https://doi.org/10.4000/etudescaribeennes.26206.
Shuku Onemba, N., Thiffault, É., Berthold, É. (2023). Élaboration d’un modèle de table de concertation pour une gestion participative de la biomasse solide en République démocratique du Congo. Études caribéennes, 55. https://doi.org/10.4000/etudescaribeennes.26819.
Srour, N., Thiffault, É., Boucher, J. F. (2023). Quantifying carbon stocks and functional diversity of roadside ecosystems- A case study in Quebec, Canada. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 128163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2023.128163.
Soro, A., Lenz, P., Roussel, J. R., Nadeu, S., Pothier, D., Bousquet, J., Achim, A. (2023). The phenotypic and genetic effects of drought-induced stress on wood specific conductivity and anatomical properties in white spruce seedlings, and relationships with growth and wood density. Frontiers in Plant Science, Volume 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1297314.
Torkghashghaei, M., Shaffer, W., Georges, R., Ugulino, B., Hernández, R. E., Blais, C. (2023). Effect of variable engineered micro-geometry of the cutting edges of circular saws on the surface quality of SPF boards. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-023-01961-4.
Torkghashghaei, M., Shaffer, W., Ugulino, B., Georges, R., Hernandez, R., Blais, C. (2023). Improved life of circular saws used in primary wood processing. BioResources, 18(1), 2024-2044. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.2024-2044.
Tran, D. A., Shen, X., Sorelli, L., Ben Ftima, M., Brühwiler, E. (2023). Predicting the effect of non-uniform fiber distribution on the tensile response of ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete by magnetic inductance-based finite element analysis. Cement and Concrete Composites, 135, 104810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104810.
Tran, H., Sorelli, L., Brial, V., Conciatori, D., Ouellet-Plamondon, C. (2023). Microstructure Characterization of Cement Pastes with Recycled Aluminum Spent Pot Lining. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(7). https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-15024.
Tran, H., Sorelli, L., Ahmat Hisseine, O., Bouchard, D., Brial, V., Sanchez, T., Conciatori, D., Ouellet-Plamondon, C. (2023). Development of sustainable ultra-high performance concrete recycling aluminum production waste. Construction and Building Materials, 371, 130212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.130212.
Turgeon-Malette, V., Chen, X., Bah, A. S., Conciatori, D., Sanchez, T., Teguedy, M. C., Sorelli, L. (2023). Chloride ion permeability of Ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete under sustained load. Journal of Building Engineering, 66, 105842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105842.
Wang, Y., Yu, Z., Hu, J., Chang, S., Liu, Y., Li, T., Liu, G., Wang, X. A. (2023). Optimization of Photo-Fenton Catalyst Preparation Based Bamboo Carbon Fiber by Response Surface Methodology. Journal of Renewable Materials, 11(1), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2023.021306.
Wellenreiter, P., Hernández, R. E., Cáceres, C. B., Blais, C. (2023). Cutting forces and noise in helical planing black spruce wood as affected by the helix angle and feed per knife. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 18(2), 549-558. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2022.2056079.
Wotherspoon, A. R., Achim, A., Coops, N. C. (2023). Assessing future climate trends and implications for managed forests across Canadian ecozones. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2023-0058.
Xie, L., He, G., Wang, A. X., Crocetti, R., Shen, L., Tang, X. (2023). Hysteretic Behavior of Bolt Connections in Timber–Concrete Composite Bridges: Experimental and Numerical Research. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001967.