Title : Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Seismic Behaviour of Timber Braced Frame Systems
Summary : The increasing use of mass timber construction has highlighted the need for reliable seismic force–resisting systems. This research investigates the seismic performance of dowel-type connections with slotted-in steel plates through an extensive experimental program and develops calibrated constitutive models for nonlinear time-history analyses of multi-story timber braced-frame building archetypes. Fragility analyses and system-level simulations confirm the effectiveness of these systems and indicate that current code-prescribed force modification factors are generally appropriate for the configurations studied. To address performance objectives beyond conventional life-safety criteria, including serviceability and damage limitation, an innovative chevron-braced timber frame system incorporating elastomeric dampers was developed and evaluated using shake-table testing. The results demonstrate that the combined bracing and damping system significantly reduces seismic demands and peak floor accelerations, while influencing drift distribution, highlighting the importance of appropriate structural detailing. Overall, the research shows that, when combined with proper connection detailing, capacity design principles, and targeted damping strategies, timber braced frames constitute a robust and resilient seismic force–resisting system for mid- to high-rise mass timber buildings. The findings support ongoing refinement of seismic design provisions and promote the broader adoption of hybrid, low-damage timber structural systems.
